What is enzymes its classification

ENZYMES

°Enzymes Proteins that catalyse, (i.e., increase the rate of) the chemical reactions are known as enzymes. 

°The molecules on which enzymatic reaction takes place are known as substrates.

°The enzymes convert these substrates into different molecules known as the products. Enzymes are significant rate. 

°Enzymes speed up only some reactions among several possibilities due to their substrate selective nature. 

°Similar to all other catalysts, enzymes function by lowering the activation energy (E) for a reaction, resulting in an increased rate of reaction. A catalysed or enzymatic reaction is million times faster as compared to a non catalysed reaction.

Classification Enzymes can be classified as foliows:

1) On the Basis of Site of Activity:

Enzymes are classified into the following categories:

i) Intracellular Enzymes:

These enzymes function within their own cell, i.e.. where they get synthesised, e.g., enzymes involved in TCA cycle, etc.

ii) Extracellular Enzymes:

These enzymes perform their function outside the cell, e.g., all the digestive enzymes like pepsin, amylase, catalase, etc.

2) On the Basis of Type of Function Performed by Enzyme:

According to IUB (International Union of Biochemistry) enzymes have been classified into six major classes. Enzymes named with the suffix -ase indicate the type of reaction catalysed. The 6 classes of enzymes are as follows:

1.Oxidoreductases:

These enzymes catalyse the oxidation-reduction reactions. 

2. Transferases:

These enzymes catalyse the transfer of functional groups. 

3.Hydrolases:

These enzymes catalyse the hydrolysis of ester. peptide phosphodiester bonds, glycosyl, etc.

4. Lyases :

These enzymes catalyse the removal of groups from substrates by any other mechanism except hydrolysis, making double bonds.

5.Isomerases:

These enzymes catalyse the inter-conversion of geometrical, functional, and optical isomers.

6.Ligases:

These enzymes catalyse the linking of two compounds.